Civilian – Soldier – Civilian
Five Stages to Record.
1 Civilian 1921 to 41 Hawkes Bay
2 Soldier 41 to 45 Waiouru Trentham Egypt North Africa Italy (C.M.F.)
3 Civilian 1945 to 2004 Hawkes Bay rest of New Zealand Overseas
4 Memories Cassino 60 Years on.
5 U.F.Os Flying Saucer
Written in 2004
Author B. Redfern True Story of B. Redfern.
Pictures to be noted in Civilian – Soldier – Civilian
Civilian (1)
after Page (12) Goodbye Farm. Hello Army at Waiouru.
Soldier. (2)
Waiouru. June July August 1941
after page (17) New Battle Dress and Kitted out (Trentham.)
after Page (17) Funneller (Acquatania [Aquitania].) to Overseas.
after Page (17) Explanation of Photos to follow. (Cameras were illegal.) had one for a while.
after Page (19) Line up of Vehicles. (Transporters.) other vehicles gone ahead. Loaded up in the Desert. A shot of the 18th T.T.C Boys.
after Page (19) Tortuous Pass drive from the Med… (sitting ducks.)
after Page (19) Typical loads carried for all branches of Service.
Mail important. Stevie was a great home writer.
after Page (19) After hoping no one was inside. Recovering the Tanks. the weight was almost too much for the 40 wheels of a (transport trailer.) Blew the tyres. Generated to much heat in the rubber. (Very dangerous)
after Page (21) Working with the Americans. Got on well together.
after Page (21) Seconded to Royal Electrical Mechanical Engineers.
Bloody Colonials. But we earned their respect.
after page (21) Cairo streets. You were not allowed to stop. (regardless)
after Page (23) unfortunately. (no photos.) Just imagine the problem.
after Page (25) The bouts that won us a friendship. Colonials can fight.
Goodbye Middle East – North Africa. – and the Egyptian (friendly) people. and George. (who taught me a wrinkle or two, on their sandalwood) How to work it., and the tools required.
As he was working for the forces. The Egyptian girls loved him. (Rich.)
Across the Ditch to Italy via the
Mediterranean Sea.
after Page (28) Follow the map of Italy. Showing the route to Sangro. Cassino and onwards.
after Page (28) One of the originals of the 18th T.T.C. (Now gone.)
after Page (28) Two new members. They saved my life in Italy.
Called me (A Ghost walking when I saw them years later.) Both gone)
No photos of the Sangro Battle (Read page (33) my perception anyway.
after Page (33) An insert to read.
after Page (38) Looking at Cassino. and Monte Cassino. (so high up.)
The bombing, Jerry just came out of the cliff holes again after the Bombing.
after page (38) what a mess. (the Monte Cassino Abbey.
after page (40) insert to read. (also I did not forget.)
after page (41) Lake Trasimene, just before Arrezzo. Have good friend there
after page (41) The Hospital Ship (Maunganui.)
(3)
My Civilian life devoid of Photos.
(4)
After Page (60) The review of the 60 year memorial service of (CASSINO.)
(5)
Then to top it off. The True Story of the U.F.O.
Back page of Cover. Autographs of a few men on the ACQUATANIA…
1
The Holiday Break
CIVILIAN.
Up to nine years of age, A normal childhood. At 12 years. I was delivering weekly periodicals locally for a Bookshop. Paid me, 4 shillings a week. I was able to pay two shillings and sixpence to A.M.P. One shilling paying out for a Quarter acre plot with a two roomed Whare on it. It was fenced four sides. Grew carrots close, and in Volume. George Bisset used to buy them For Sale off his (Vegetable cart) Six pence left to splurge. ( It paid dividends later). The holidays at Xmas and New Year, always Westshore the rear of the Hotel. Feb 1st 1931. Bob, Margaret, and self decided to row from Westshore over to the Port of Napier. By rowing close to shore safer, could stop if we wanted Out of the Blue. (A Loud ROAR), then a huge wave, over we went to the bottom of the sea. I don’t know who saved us or if anyone else saw the wave. Margaret went home very shaken. Bob also, who lived not far away. I was not going to let it spoil the last few days of my break. The weather lovely and fin. (Feb 3rd 1931). Quiet very calm on the inland sea. Where the yachts were tied up. All the way to (Tom Parker Island) I was by the large expanse of water.
2
That Frightening Roar Again
Standing on a concrete block, by the railway line and railway bridge. Vigor Brown Mayor of Napier then. Moored his boat to the block. The block is still there. The boats looked lovely as they always did on the inland sea. But an old local chap with me said. There are no fish biting. Today. Usually plenty of fish, of all species and always Dogfish, Crayfish and (flatfish) in abundance. Just after 10 O’Clock I was on my own. That (loud bang), the same as before.
As I saw and experienced the 1931 Earthquake.
Then the ground started to shake. The water rushed out of the inland sea at a tremendous speed. The ground heaved up in the air and threw me over. The. Quake buckled and curved Railway Bridge. It was a sight that was awesome. But it did not frighten me. But I couldn’t stand up. But managed to crawl to the beach.
Westshore behind hotel (looking up) The Nurses Home and Hospital a wreck. Port Ahuriri where the horses Drays and men parked to take cargo. The lighters used to transport cargo to ships out in the Breakwater. Idle. Port of Napier, was all (silted up) idle…I have never had an answer to my query. Horses, Carriers, Barry Bros, along with all the Mercantile Firms. All idle now.
4
NAPIER Feb 3 1931
On the Marine Parade Dr Moores, three storey landmark building was leaning at a very dangerous angle. Napier was ablaze and the damage to well known Tech High School and Churches (Except Daily Telegraph) building. Catastrophic. Lost a cousin in the Napier Technical School. The river that ran near the Boys High School gone. Used to have rowing there. My uncle had a paddle bike he had designed was used on that stretch of river. Opposite Percy Spillers. Who did so much for Napier. Tent Town on (Clive Square), was erected by chippies. Sheet metal workers were told make (Galv Water Tanks). Uncle made hundreds, Hardly came for a breath while soldering. Thackery St Wshop. The Port of Napier was still out of action, Base of the Bluff Hill supposed to have a lot of bodies buried there. The beaches had become much steeper and the under-tow (watch it) Westshore was a once a lovely Sandy Beach but no more. From the Port of Napier right around to Bay View there were then only a very few buildings. But Seafood and Cockle beds were ample for all, before the Quake. Sold Flatfish for 6 for a shilling. Paid for the food and Fun. Cockles like saucers (beautiful) Never seen a match in any of my travels.
5
A look at Sister Town HASTINGS
The ground was always shaking. But managed to get to Hastings. The roads cracks (See before and after book) Brick wall of the Grand Hotel fell out into the street. People stranded inside. Roachs Store. Had at a late hour cancelled buyers hours 10am for selling goods. Unfortunately some still got killed. Luckily there was no fire. The Hawkes Bay Farmers building, like the Daily Telegraph Building Town Napier (undamaged, floating foundations they say) Ground just disappeared in area adjacent to lovely Cornwall Park Hastings The Pakowhai river silted up, and for the years flooded. The Poplar Avenue (Chris Lassen Chairman of the County Council) put in stop banks Pakowhai. The Quake brought a plentiful supply local rivers. (Shingle) for the rebuilding of the two Towns. But was too dirty (Had to be cleaned). Moving further afield to Pukahu on the way to Waipawa. A Hill alongside the road is sliced in half. Quake felt. All the way to Dannevirke. Up North; Wairoa to Gisborne was affected. Rail. If you could go to Ngatapa Bear to the left Mahia road, The remains of a railroad that was going to open up the area. Depression time. A friend brought the Tearooms in hope it would happen. He realised that his hoped for venture was not to eventuate.
6
A Welcome Naval Visit Napier
By chance in Napier, The Navy arrived. Visit not expected but very welcome. The Ships Bell (Presented) hangs in the Archway. The Marine Parade. Napier. But Napier is being rebuild as the NZ Art Deco City. The Norfolk Pines have always been a landmark. Marine Parade Napier. Years after, against wishes, Council allowed the (Napier Park Racecourse to be lost for all time). After learning to Box at school (All Schools used to have bouts, that as far as I know never hurt anybody). Cavanaghs Napier, Joe Strickland Hastings the movers and shakers. I was very thankful for it later. (for self defence). Roachs, Hastings. Versus Hastings. Council. Widen Heretaunga St, while we have the chance (No vision) That is why Roachs put in the Box Display windows. The railway. Planned, out of Hastings from Paki Paki on a curved around to Longlands. Then connect to the Farndon Line on to Napier. Firms expected it to happen. Some actually pencilled in land for business operations. Nothing. All those Stock and Station agents appear to have gone. Williams and Kettle the exception. But it could have made a lovely area centrepiece, with the rail gone. It was all Buzz once Stortford Lodge Men Farmers – Shopping Farmers wives.
7
learning and Earning some Income
I went for 2 years to Hastings High School. Training for a Farm Cadet. So moved to Hastings. Milked two cows before going to school and took the milk to my customers. I used to Yodel and people asked me too. Mrs Barden, Madeira or Rainbow Cake every Friday. (Order Thursday) Mrs Downing (no water in the milk), then come and have your breakfast. A Camelia [camellia] lover gave me a Chilli Punch to warm me in Winter. Bessie McCutcheon. I want to teach you how to sing one day. I went to a farm on the weekends. The owner was a WW1 Veteran, could not ride. Was horse mad…Two storey Two Horse Boxes Stable. 100 acres, lovely farm He would go to a Stortford Lodge Sale, Brought almost dead Lambs and Hoggets. Put them on his Clover and Lucerne paddocks but watched (not too long at a time) 6 weeks ready to reap a reward. He had rusty brackish water in one corner of a paddock. Anything with ailments and especially footrot (Trim their feet) walk them through it. Cured very quickly. The Household employed a Maid and the (Cook – Mabel) The Boss. Mr wants you to take the Mare around the sheep today (Mabel said – she needs a walk only). Felt like a king as it was an Honour to even get near the well bred Mare.
8
A Champion Mare
Mabel on my return (you are in really big trouble) The Mare had taken off with me jumped the sheep yards and gate, I just couldn’t hold her. Hanging on like grim death. The Boss and his Wife Mabel standing behind I hopped in Boss. This Mare is a good jumper. So the Boss rang Ashley Jenkins the top jump rider…Jockey of his day. Decided. Herbie Green Greenmeadows Napier took over the training. Horses name (CHARADE). Won Great Northern hurdles Ashley was her jockey…Grand National races. Before I went further afield. Cook, Mabel, Mr Boss (Your wife is not very well at all) The call back the stable was not far away from the Homestead. So this is Horse Begorrah. (Sheil Live) Call the Vet. How right he was. (His wife lived to a great age.) Her nurse I knew. Kept me informed. My reward for finding the horse could jump. You will enjoy this day. The Hastings Golf Course Bridge Pa….1st Tee. Give me a spoon. Caddie…I tipped all the clubs on the ground. No spoon here I never made the 2nd Tee when. He did find the club he wanted. As he addressed the ball a chap nearby the way he wiggles. He is going to break into a Waltz. He was a good Boss Maids and Cook controlled the Households then Marvellous to know.
9
To be a Farmers Boy
My report was satisfactory, I had done the two years at Hastings High School. SO it was to a farm in the country. It was to a WW1 Soldiers Settlement Farm. They were too large for one man to handle, but could hardly sustain a extra Farm hand. The farmer was an ill man. So I lived in a a Whare and looked after myself. His wife could not boil water let alone cook, no children. A WW1 farmer a mile up the road, who became my great Friend and adviser. Went to his homestead on the evening Saturday, Then the Hall at (TUNANUI [TUNA NUI].) Dinner after Church Sunday. A really genuine straight shooter. He was a one successful WW1 farmer. More later. Everything was going well. But my boss died. So I was sent to go to a farm a few miles away. (Flag Range) It was in the (Crownthorpe-Rissington area) [HBKB – Sherenden]. It was quite a large station. Its own Cook, gardener, rouseabout. No more own cooking… As I had my own dogs was given a station hack for my use. The station (River boundary) one side, the other side bordered by (1st NZEF. Commanders Station) The Rear going towards, Waiwhare. The River. Cutting through the property. There was a long flat stretch of road. The Olde Cobb and Co-Coach road route. Paradise ducks in abundance, dirty, scary and hard to catch. Not good eating.
10
Learning to Plough with Clydesdales.
Off the flat riverside a dip down to the river…Pile remains of the landing. Up the other side to another flat. An olde couple Stan and Kate Knowles [Noell]. Kate drove to the road gate in a (Surrey with the Fringe on the top). Very old in her ways always a delightful welcome there…The trail carried onto Waiwhare pronounced (Why Worry) then onto the road to Taihape (Coach road, Napier thru Eskdale. Then Fernhill) and on. A great adventure and would be a enjoyed by tourists. On a horse with a Packhorse. At the end of Flag Range was a place called Peach Grove with Clematis in abundance. Overhanging the bank area by the river. Ploughman Ned showed me how to Harness the Horses, feed them and bed them down. Clydesdales monsters. Setting a plough 2 furrow and with a 5 horse team a leader. Horse needed. Always. A relief. Boss. Decided to get his ploughing done by Private contractor enjoyed animals. Going around the sheep it was good meeting the Neighbours daughter (holidays) She went to a Private School had to pull her weight. Great company at Woolshed Dances. So were the daughters of the Flag Range Station boss where I was working. Pam and June friends until I lost touch, when the world changed for me.
11
Listening and Learning
Across the river (The Hartrees) used to invite groups from the Napier Gas Coy, to come out for a week-end sport. The tables groaned under the weight, of food. One women stayed married a local. Became a farmers wife. Mt Cameron in Rissington. Farmer nearby had the mountain on his property He wanted to be buried on the top in a coffin with Portholes, so he could change his viewing angle. Rabbiters were bits of loners, with their numerous dogs, types and sizes and shapes. Pigs, Goats, Rabbits and Deer in the high country. Goodbye (Flag Range). Word came I was asked to look after Sherenden again. No one else interested. The Owner would not shift, had no one. We eventually became good close friends. But I had to succeed (The WW2 had started) It was a challenge (WW1) friend for advice. This was 1940 and Lamb docking was on the GO. Farmers helped one another. A farmers wife said to her daughter, I think we should do him also. The daughter gave her Mother hell, Mother was a dedicated royalist (we a colony). Mother England needs him. For survival. (1941) and still handling the farm okay. Was offered ownership if I wanted it. It was now classed as essential occupation. England needs you a constant cry around me and my friend Bernie next Farm.
12
Farm Cadets Education
Cadets from around the (Crownthorpe, Sherenden, Rissington) were taken up to the High Country Station at Puketitiri (Real Bleak). The property was high up up in the hills. On the week-end A farmers son said I’ll take you to a place an unusual sight. (reported where we were going) rode as far as we could by horse. Pull yourself up the hill by the fence wire. On top it was quite flat. The size of a rugby field. View could see Napier Taupo road (Te Pohue) the Hawkes Bay sea water. On the top two great Black Marble like slabs. Absolutely oblong. 50 feet long X 20 feet wide x 15 feet high. Approx. I suppose they ware still up there. (How did they get there?) The friend had fortunately bought a new rifle. There was pig rooting all over the ground/ Also a Goat Nursery in a dip shaped like a horse shoe (sheltered.) Baby goats all bleating for their Mothers. As some goat cullers were in the area. (Who knows if the babies survived) too soft me. On top again. A large pig charged us from behind the Marble Slab. The rifle (bang) Dead. A Rogue. Had been eating the new lambs. Took off the pigs head. Photo shown in the Herald Tribune Hastings for all to see. My rifle was next to useless.
13
A Change of Occupation
We were getting a hard time A young farmers club meeting at Matapiro Station A. Large station in Maraekakaho. (HB) a 100 Stand shearing shed, its own store and school. A house for each family, and bunkhouse for singles on the station WE made a commitment that as we were getting abused. Six of us would join the forces, the Daughter (sobered Mum up) were medically examined at the Local Drill Hall. Passed medical. A1. Inoculated and I was off to Waiouru (June July August) 1941.
BECOMING a SOLDIER
Never saw them again Three months. Route marches. Officer. Solider. Sir. Ride this motor bike around to the Workshop. Never ridden one. But. Dont answer back. Triumph…Managed to get to the workshop. Took my hand off the throttle. Saved the bike from rolling into the stream. Lived in Bell tents very cold and not at all sanitary or comfortable. I have photo showing conditions in the snow. I swear my big toes did not thaw out until well into the North Africa. Desert warmth I was. Placed in a draft to go to Dannevirke. We worked the Guard. So we could have a weekend away. A weekend at home. Hastings. Time was short. Bradyn and I had to take the chance. Last one. While at home leased my Whare to George.
14
A Baby Austin and Trouble
Bisset, Vegetable man. Was still there when I came back. (years later) On the way back to Camp after a pleasant weekend How things were to change Baby Austin broke down. Braid and I arrived back at Camp 1000hrs. Late. Two hours. Officer. I am going to make an example of you two for being late for the army manoeuvres. But you have to get out to Weber road to exercises. Dropped off near a corner, ahead, went around a Hill. We heard a noise, so looked over the hill. An officer and a car with a driver, they were not very alert. We Braid and Self. Challenged them. Amid protests we bundled them into their own staff car…Drove back to Camp. Past the guard. In their car. Up to Camp Head Quarters. One Pipper was not there. Colonel Mitchell I said. Saluting. Bradyn kept an eye the prisoners. Col Mitchell came out Salute. The joy on his face. We had captured the enemy C.O. and his driver and Car. Colonel Mitchell was not young, the other C.O. was. The colonel was over the moon, young upstart. (Officer livid). A couple of days later. The lieutenant called us into the office for a lecture on being late. Example we are going to be fined a weeks pay. But the favour we had. Done. Colonel Mitchell. He changed the charge we had saved him from retirement.
15
A Lucky Break for Two
C.O. came in to the Office. Dismissed the lieutenant one pipper. (it is on the record in Personal history). Fine rescinded for extra guard Duties. Braydyn and I didnt mind guard duty. A long Lane at the end of the Showgrounds. (Trucks parked there) House at the end of the lane. Mum used to bring out a drink and some eats 2400 Anyone on guard duties remember. The mother had at least two lovely Daughters, who entertained, quite pleasant too. After three months there C.O A Company Parade. Gentlemen I am going to read out names to you. These men will be going on to Active Service. It was quite amazing the men who said I am not going. (Still havent worked that compassionate leave stuff.) Even our Lieutenant…(C.O cashiered him) Marched out (Dannevirke Pipe Bank). Swinging along. The Sgt walking alongside, I dont know why you dont break into a Waltz Colonel Mitchell may have been a WW1 Soldier. But he hadnt lost his touch. Our Sudden move. Colonel, Never ever saw the Canteen profits distributed to us.
SERIOUS TRAINING
It was off to the (Olde Camp Site) Featherston. (Before the P.O.W Camp). What a cold, bleak, stony site. Grew stones. Indian jute sloping side Tents.
16
New Equipment. Sign Here
American three tonners. (Fords) arrived (Sign here) Indian Motor bikes. Driving tests were carried out thoroughly, How to manage the equipment. Some truck. drivers by occupation failures. (My Ploughing by tractor) friend) I passed easily stood me in good stead. I was very surprised. A lot of faces now gone (Now to see new faces to join us.) Became the 5th R.M.T. (You are now on Active Service) The Company Sargent [Sergeant] (Who wants to go onto a Six week Medical Aid course) It was welcome. Camp Boring. Best investment I could have made. Shortly after taking the course at the local Greytown Hospital. It was off to Trentham for kitting out. New Battledress, underclothes. Boots, socks and Precious Jumper. I must add the people of Featherston were marvellous. They really kept an eye on us young chaps. Recreation. One stint taking the local home guard to a ridge (Bidwills) for an exercise while waiting for them, walked along a very drive Riverbed except for a couple of large Pools. (A Splash.) then another. A little bit of tickling caught two lovely brown trout. They would have died anyway, the heat and water was getting quite hot. Put them under the Truck seat One of the Home Guard said the chap head is a Fisheries Officer. So he did not ride home in
17
Waiting Over. Movement
that truck. With shrimps you could catch in the Camp stream Helped. The Camp Cook who did us proud, although we had to guide him. What went into the mix sometimes he was preparing. (Sometimes pipe ash) We were all wondering what was going on Getting restless, off to Trentham. It was now 1942. Some shooting practice Trentham Rifle Range. Then the Bren Gun. Some were downright dangerous. We were issued two pair of shorts. Too large and no shape. No idea as to where we were going Overseas. Offered a weeks leave to go home if you wanted too. Then it was back to Trentham for a passing out parade. (More men on out compassionate leave) this happened even as the Gangplank was being lifted. One owned me money. (The stories were ludicrous the chaps. I knew. Met them (years later) were scared stiff or peer pressure. As the Ship pulled out of Wellington, (Aquatania) no fuss, waves from people. Officer on Board knew me…I was to co.opt others. No trouble to find entertainers One quiet Game…Five hundred-in cards. (Series of 500 Games) no gambling, no one wanted to lose their hard earned money. To scalpers. But the Talent that was among the Soldiers was marvellous Singing. Guitars Poetry (Now we knew
The (ACQUATANIA) That took us to the Middle East. Taken out of the Breakers Yard to Transport us. It creaked and groaned. It is still reading of ships. (The longest ship build. 1080 feet Long.) I have often thought (Did the people of New Zealand realise) On that ship were EIGHT THOUSAND Troops. SEVEN THOUSAND would have been (21 years to 24 years old, all in A1 Fitness. Just imagine if the Submarine scare in the South Australian Bight had been carried out. Luckily the Boat had a good turn of speed still. Route Marches around the Deck. (Over a quarter of a Mile.) Relays also to keep the fitness levels up. (Boxing, Wrestling Sprints all to keep fitness.
A Brief Coverage of the Photos
The writer B Redfern was in the 18th Tank Transporter Co from its inception in Maadi in 1942. It stayed together with replacements until September 1944. It disbanded just after I was wounded in August 1944.
The Photos show the type of heavy work we carried out. It was not clean work and lots of chaps had Diesel poisoning
A Heavy tank on a transporter is very unwieldy (if broken down.) Top heavy and off the level could turn the whole tractor/trailer over. Braking was a hazardous operation.
A tank breaking the shackles could climb over the tractor cab and kill the Driver
We had a few 3 tonners 4x4s kept running with Kiwi No 8 wire and ingenuity.
The photos of the PASS shows at 5 miles an hour what sitting ducks we were to strafing
The motorbike at the top photo was our dispatch riders bike
Nig Styles was always neat and his bike similar
We had to sign for all the equipment we uplifted at the British Supply depot at Ismalia (Egypt.) and the cost of Tank Transporter (Diamond T and trailer) $75,000 pounds
Our No was 31. Company colours Green and Gold. A lot of the initial company came from Gisborne to Masterton
A HAPPY GROUP…
18
What was ahead EGYPT
it was) the Middle East…It was without any problems, that I know of anyway We. called into Freemantle on the Australian West Coast. I stood on a large boulder rock, had my photo taken. 1942. In the year 1991 I had my photo taken again on the same boulder rock, by an Aussie Mate who I still write to also. The Indian Ocean can be calm as a millpond or rough and Turbulent. Getting much hotter moving north. Flying Fish come past at deck high when they were being chased by much larger fish…Until we reached the Bitter Lakes before making the Entrance to the Suez Canal. Dozens of Ships idle, as hot as it could get. All waiting to go through the (Suez Canal). An amazing stretch of water. We debussed at Tufic just before the Suez entrance. Looked back at the Four Funneller. (Acquatania) (Goodbye). A train ready to take us further. The Arab hawkers were there in abundance. (An older head who had come from the Maadi Camp) Always haggle because they have possibly pinched it anyway Sandlewood Boxes, Watches, Trinkets etc. Start at 200 acca. By the time you have haggled say 30 accas. Blood red oranges We always had to wash any type of fruit in a (Condys Crystal Solution,) or risk getting a Gyppo Gut. Painful too…
19
At the Base Camp
Arrived at 2nd NZEF Base Head Quarters Shown our tents and a trip to where the Cookhouse and Eating tent were…Blue Sky Flies, Bugs (Blood Suckers). But Maadi was with only sand very hot. Drink water sparingly or straight out of your Body pores. Salt tablets were issued to compensate. For my First Dinner. Not exactly a variety meal. Shite Hawk dives down while you are walking to the Mess Tent. Takes the total meal off your plate…Cover falls off your cup of drink. Immediately a Fly swimming pool…Shite Hawks are bigger than a crow So alert, Quiet and Quick. Allowed a trip into Cairo for a breather Train from Maadi. First Trap. Shoe Shine, NO thanks, Always have a gap to retreat too or a tin of a black liquid would be thrown over your uniform…Impossible to remove. A Dye. Another thing to remember. Egypt was Not at war. So all nationalities were in the City of Cairo…Always watch your Paybook, Meat tickets (ID) or you had no help call (to identify you) if robbed. Sitting along the pavements side by side Women in Black. All waiting for a Donkey or Horse to drop manure. Used for fuel or building Mud Huts alongside the Nile Edge. Over the Bridge at Gezira. The rich mans playground. Where Martin Donnelly our NZ Test.
20
Listening – Learning – Movement
cricketer scored so many runs. (not out) Always go out as a group of four or you will be picked on. (New Chums) New Zealand Forces Club. Seemed though (O.Rs.) werent welcome. The local cabarets were better Mrs Groppi. The Week went by…We had a Parade before General Freyberg. How old are you Soldier. Twenty One Sir. Step back. A couple of others the same order. Some of the chaps that moved on were (in the casualty list within 36 hrs) A Shock The Head Quarters were ripping off soldiers with the Housie Games in a large Tent. 2nd week…Line up. Again group of 70 of us placed on a Bus and on the move, at last were? It was to a place (Ismalia.) A permanent British Supply Depot. Ran all the way to Port Said (Thousands of acres,) Gear of all descriptions and use. What are these machines, (Diamond T Tank Transporters), (Federal. Transporters also) (3tonners,) (4 wheel drive Workshop truck) Sgt and One ton Vans, Cooks wagon, and gear. Water cart and my R.A.P Half Tonner. As. Lend Lease we had to sign for them all We had only a week to accumulate gear. Acquaint ourselves with the D,T.T (the dangers of their braking systems) It was instant. Shackles would break. Holding Tanks (etc) Crush driver and flatten
21
Really Heavy Problems
cab of the D T Transporter (We all had to be able to handle them.) we never lost one. It was exhausting heavy dangerous work. With a tank up, 75 tons, off the level top heavy, over you would go. The heat, used to burn out tyres, wire running around the wheel rim. (Alertness to the job in hand always.) Worked As a team. In every situation. But the amount of work that was done with those T.T Machines were enormous. (Some of the toughest, dirtiest, gut spewing jobs recovering tanks while under fire.) The new Tanks were Ferried by us to the Desert. at (Tel el Kabir) for testing. (Some of the Antitank shells straight through some of them. Never saw one that was safe…(Pin cushions.) to me In. a war like the break through at El Alamein, things kept moving real fast…Rows and Rows of Maryland Lend Lease American Bombers. Now they are under the Desert sand I suppose (Never used Something missing) Millions of 4 gal tins of Fuel also. (evaporated)? The Fans in bombers very helpful in combating the heat. In my wagon. I always carried Tins of Calomine [Calamine] Lotion. It worked wonders with Itch, chafe or similar complaints. Water was another to worry always a problem. (Jerry poisoning the Wells). As we moved up and the
22
Casualty. New Area
prisoners were coming back. A raid by the Germans Stuka and other enemy planes. That is where I bought it and finished up in the 2nd NZEF Base Hospital at Helwan. Cairo Egypt (I have no idea of what happened) Two others were with me. An American Curtis Commando Plane. Flew us back to Egypt. So after Convalescing and now stronger again, Where too? Oh no. The British Base…Army R.E.M.E permanent Barracks (ABBASSIA). Older Men called three year Men. That is where I ended up with about 40 other 2nd N.Z.E.F Men. Abbassia is next to the (Heliopulus Aerodrome Cairo.) We were detailed to do Guard Duty. Colonials Huh. But Gary and I did not do much guard Duties. (Believe this.) Camp C.O Rode around on a White Horse. I was walking to the Workshop, I was doing some repairs on the large vehicles. As wood was still the material used for Cabs and Trailers on the Scammel-Foden and others. I failed to salute the (C.O. on his horse.) Arms full, The Poms did not like us at all Colonials. Called up to the C.Os office, youlle get a bollocking they said. C.O to me. Soldier he said. Can you drive a large Foden? Yes Sir. Here is an envelope. Just follow these orders. Not a mention of my indiscretion. kept Mum.
23
Mixed enjoyable Orders
This was one assignment. I really enjoyed. I was only 21 years of age. I read the orders. Now to find a co-driver who wanted to go out of town. Gary said alright. That settled. It was. A new Foden Bus-Gassed and checked, Ready to go Gear we thought we would require (The Germans always kept their small arms ammunition in solid wooden Boxes. All lined with felt. Dry as a bone. So spare shorts, socks and shirt in the Box. Also toiletries, One never Knows Also. Some tinned food. And other eats. (One learns quick in war) Keep an eye on one another, but particularly watch out for yourself, Wars move fast and if you cant keep up. (I have seen it, Dont ever get lost in the Desert (Sahara) endless REME Sgt. Where are going? When I uplifted the Foden Bus. I did not say a word except. (Ask the C.O.) The Sgt never Knew of our orders or mission. Ever. Orders. Go to Cairo, drive to the Pyramids then onto Helwan Hospital. Stayed the night. The morning came. Matron came out. This woman will be in charge of your passengers, and has the orders of where you are to travel. (NO) Out of the building came 50 young women (Peaches and Cream) English. Girls. All glorious. to us. Before we even got started a Hawker dashed forward. A
24
Admirable Restraint. (But Hell)
young women threw her arms around my neck (Keep him off me) the staff of and matron (Hospital) thought it was a great joke and were gone Embussed onto the Bus. The chaperone insisted on sitting in the Co Drivers seat. So we Gary and I had to take turns at sitting with the women. The orders (Opened) were to go on to Alexandria. I had been thru there so knew the way. Turn left at the Pyramids So in the heat Miles it was either Bliss or screaming at Hawkers when we had a comfort stop. A new Foden Bus. Drive carefully. Because a broken down Foden had to go back to England for repairs. Not the Abbassia Barracks What we had let ourselves in for. Hawkers everytime we had to stop. Every Hour 10 mins. Women in the heat, getting down to their bare essentials and I know what I could give you. (Eating) (Half way houses)Hawkers) Very Very exhausting. When we arrived at Alexandria. Pulled in at the Camp there, No one knew anything at all about them. But they debussed and we both said Goodbye. Emotional I said to Gary. I am not to sure about this lot. I thin we have a problem. We will ring C.O. Abbasia. Told to stay a couple of days. We were given Quarters when we voiced our concern. At that time all different nationalities were living at Alexandria.
25
Guarding Heliopolus
spies paradise…After two days no answers so it was back to REME. Cairo, So. Back to a week on Guard Duty. An English Officer came to the Aerodrome gate. I looked then challenged him. What are you doing in the private area?…His reply. I am going to court martial you soldier, you have no 2nd guard. Hand over your rifle. A voice rang out. Visitor at the Gate. Put your hands high above your head or I will shoot you dead. Give me your reasons for being in this area. He had none. Officer of the Day called. That Visitor at the Gate, was marched away. Never seen again After a week called to C.Os office again. You were right Soldier. Just go back to Alexandria and gently embuss those women. They were supposed to go to the (Kas er a Nel Barracks) in Cairo. Not a word to anybody, go and get them. Workshop staff, and Sgt where the hell are you going again? CO driver would not go. He said he had told too many lies. (About all the Wild Bears in NZ and Birds that would just walk right over you, would never wear clothes like this. But I made Gary come. It was quite a tearful reunion and to this day I wondered what they had bought over for. thoughts (Officers Groundsheets) No one really knew anything about them. At (Kas er a Nel) Barracks Cairo Egypt.
“The Quartet that drew our Boxing match with the Reme boys
W.W.2. – Middle East. Aug 1943
18th T.T.C attached to R.E.M.E Coy.
Taunted that Colonials, would not accept a sporting challenge.
“Accepted”
B. Schofield Mop
G. McDonell Kiwi
H. Thompson Fern Killed in Action
H. Bradman Tiki
R. Dick – Coach, rear left
S. Lonam – Caricaturist
Result.
Two wins each
No more of the Colonials.
Sport.
“Boxing”
Sorry for (Ageing Photo) just read…
26
Challenged – Colonial Image
The R.EM.E. were taunting us. Bloody Colonials, cant punch there way out of a wet paper Bag. Only 30 of us now some had gone. NZ I think. We accepted the challenge, for a months time. Provided we still here. I was getting a variety of work. Many trips were to Tura Caves for supplies. Just a Great long Hill Hollowed out inside. Modern machinery. NO humping goods. Place your order. A chute would come out. Just guide the order onto the Tray of the Truck and Trailer never a problem. I was well received by (Saieda Affendi) George was. Handy. Found out where all the Tinned fruit, Herrings in Tomato, Tea, Coffee, etc Steak and kidney, all the different brands of the (Whiskies, Beers and Licquers). When I told the Egyptians of our Bout. We had to be fit for the match. Four of us with limited Boxing Skills. Thanks to (Saieda Effendi), We had a good selection of food in a 44 gallon Drum. Even had a practice at a nearby rich home. George a worker at our area of the camp. Arranged it for us. A Character…The day arrived. A raised Boxing Ring. What a crowd. There. See Photo of us. N.Z Boxers. The result was Two wins each. From then on we never had any abuse again. They were sorry to see us go. Sgt. Where did you go on Two Trips?
Page 48
The Soldier story in memory of two good friends
Both were much older than the AUTHOR.
JOL from Auckland – AL from Opotiki.
Remember in War Mates are very important.
NO risks are taken, No foolish pranks, But at all times try to lighten up.
When out of Battle.
Jol tops in Fashion Design – AL a Top Sportsman
The writer of Civilian – Soldier – Civilian
Holds the 8th Army Ribbon – Nth Africa Star
Holds the Italian Ribbon – Italian Star
The 1939-45 Star. – NZ Defence Medal
N.Z. Service Medal 1939-45 – 1939-45 Medal
27
Locals beat N.Z Club
Heliopulus. A very busy Aerodrome. NO warning A parade was called, on to a Bus and back to Maadi Camp. Picket duty around. Cairo was always so much different. Mrs Groppi would give us a meal at midnight. Oh those Belly Dancers Shemlas if we were on day shift. The Forces Talent Quest in the Cairo Opera House. I entered and sang. (At the Balalaika. Encore. Lay my head beneath a rose) I won a 100 acca prize, very welcome. An invite to an Arabs palatial home invite by George. (Abbasia Camp) Beyond anything. I have ever experienced. The Desert is a Place where the world is so very different. No rain hardly at all, not many clouds. Then out of the Blue, in the distance there is a huge sand storm. Only this is different. Right across the Horizon comes a Screen with a Picture of Minarets, Spires, Palm Trees, Where? Absolutely awesome…A Giant Photograph. Or an Oasis showing shimmering water and really inviting. I saw two and they disappear as fast as they come. They said the Spires etc. Turkey One of our Officers had been given a (Field Commission) for a brave rescue (Saved three people from drowning in the Med). A very strong swimmer. But. Was not Officer material. Took three of us to an ENSA concert. Sir Harry
28
Ensa Show and Officer
Lauder. In the Desert. The show is off the tray of a truck, in case a fast action move is required. We were a bit early. Our officer had taken down his Pips A. A Red Cap said to us, That is for (Officers only) to move out. Our Officer rose to his feet, 6ft 8inces in his socks and all muscle What were you saying The Red Caps answer, I am sure you will be alright there. But when the Bubble Dancer was on. Our Officer said standing up. Just prick the bloody bubble. What a fool we felt. (He was pissed) He was a good time Charlie and was moved on somewhere else. Always wanting to show off, (Drinking prowess) a nice chap. Apart from that. Going thru the (Dead City) a short cut to Maadi. Only once. The Beggars came out from behind Tombstones etc, and at Dusk that was very frightening. (Believe me). They would swarm over your truck looking for food. The Final Parade at Maadi. This was the last 2nd NZEF Divisional Parade. I Felt Proud. The Maoris put on a Drill Display that was Magnificent. One Click. Drill Sargents will know what I mean. (1.2.3.-1.2.3-1) Not a sound except click. Our Company Transporters had been returned to Supply Deport, (signed off) The speed of the North Africa Advance too fast, made them Obsolete. Too Slow.
29
On the Move to Where?
Dec 8 1943. SO it was off to (Port Said). Embussed onto a ship and headed out into the Mediterranean blue Sea. I was asked again to look at Entertainment for the troops We did not know where we were going at all. A chap sitting on a hatch cover next to me, I would like to Help. Selwyn Toogood. (In the Bag) We arrived after two days at (TARANTO) in the instep of (ITALY). The ships the Italian Navy. Modern too. Tied up at the Docks. What happened to them? The ITALIAN Campaign begins 10th December 1943. Debussed onto the land not unlike New Zealand. But covered with Olive Trees. The Germans had told the, Italians. N.Zrs were cruel and sadistic. That rumour was very quickly put to Rest. Had to go and uplift the Vehicles again and trucks. Back with 18 TTC. Company again Some new older troops had arrived from New Zealand. We were veterans now. (BARI) Adriatic coast (2NZEF Head Quarters). Major said to me. I understand you did an R.A.P Course. Yes Sir. I answered. So I once again had a half ton truck. The advance was Quick, (Gen Fryberg) didnt want us stagnating. So it was a Patrol to Foggia, The Transporters were working with the Engineers again loaded up with Bailey Bridge sections etc. We sent ahead to
30
Devastation. And Tosca
Scout (FOGGIA) was a town of importance but in ruins from German shells. It was empty. A women came out (Niento Bourno) stop. She had a young women with her. Her hand was in a bad way, septic. I had the R.A.P Truck. But no supplies yet…Major said. So I was told to go back to BARI. The 2nd NZEF Base and Get your R A P Truck completely fitted out. So I took (Tosca) was her name. Back to Bari. (Tosca was 17 University Student) lost her parents. Actually she came from around (ARREZZO near FLORENCE) As Bari was on the coast. I had to go back from Foggia it was quite a drive. I reported at H.Qtrs and put my patient in a Drs hands. As I had a couple of days to wait. I was taken to a place called (MONOPOLI) not far from Bari. It was a neutral area in the War. Had to keep away from Monopoli. Wealthy People of all nationalities hiding from the conflict. A beautiful Lake with expensive Boats. That is where the Green Window Shutters. The women were paraded for us. Money back if not satisfied 20 lira. (Yes a Brothel). When next day they Knew we were Soldati,s we had to move fast. (We were in Civvies) But they never came past the Gate…I wondered why. The residents, were leading the life of being Protected. Why?
31
Still Growing Learning
Friend in Italy said. The (War Dept) would not admit to such a place. Wrote to me. Another contingent of troops arrived I knew one well from farm days. But I never saw him again. W W 1s son My R.A.P Van was fitted out. The Hospital gave me back Tosca. She has to go across to (CASERTA) was the name. It (Our orders on standing on Italian Soil, Help the locals if they are hurt) But on no account are you to pickup anyone in a (Black outfit with a hood). Caserta was to become the place where the (2nd N.Z.E.F.) Base Hospital was. But my order was to go across to (NAPLES) then Caserta to the Hospital. Toscas Hand was needing surgery. I spent a couple of Days in NAPLES. Waiting for an order again. Thoroughly enjoyed it. Took a trip to (POMPEI [POMPEII]) which is a very pitiful sight. Too sad. (Ash Killed all the citizens) In 1953 One of Our own Three mountains (RUAPEHU) Spewed Ash. I know as a painter in Hastings had just painted our house roof. Ate all the paint off overnight. Suffocates all…After Naples it was back to what was to be the (BATTLE of the SANGRO). I had to leave Tosca at Caserta Hospital. But I had her home address if I made Arezzo-Olmo near FLORENCE. Hope to see you again (Tosca). She gave me a
32
A marvellous Co-operation
lovely goodbye. She had no one. I treasure the (Photo) she gave me and the lovely message on the back tells all…I was 22 (Campobassa) before the Sangro…the Germans had destroyed the River Bridge. Bailey bridging it, with two piers. It was a marvellous effort by all men. Sherman Tanks hated a sloping road Tipped over. Top heavy. Before the Sangro we captured a Hill, which rose out of the large Flat Plain. (PEDIAMONTE.) Large buildings on top (hangars) One of the buildings had. Rows of women manning (World Wide Radio Service) We captured them. But missed the Spotter Plane going off the Hill edge. But some one saw it brought it down. I saw a Tank battle in the Orchard below. What a battle it was apparently, the last great tank battle between British 9th armoured and the German Tiger tanks…Parts all over the place. The British Tank coy was about to go home too. Battles just happen. The SANGRO Battle was mud, snow, German Shelling and machine gun Fire. And Mortars. The target was (ORSOGNA) The Germans had a gun on the railway track. Went back into the tunnel after firing. As we could not get our (Cordory road) completed because the Sangro river was a barrier. Right in the sights of the German artillery. It
33
A real Debacle – Scrubbed from History
was always too much. A Defeat I am afraid. But Winston Churchill wanted it scrubbed from History. (REMEMBER) We did not lose a Battle after Alamein was his favourite line. Wrong (One Battle not in the History Books) I have never found out the casualties. To explain it (Battle of the SANGRO.) Take a Fan Open it up. The handle is (ORSOGNA.) Looking at the right of the handle is the (Adriatic Coast) to the Left (Mountains) We were stationed around the Circle of the Fan. (ORSOGNA) was on top of a Hill. A sheer cliff down to the Sangro river. We on the other side. Were at a much lower level. A real target. So in trying to build a cordory road down to the Sangro. Too bridge, we had to work at night. Move out before Daylight sowed up. Our Company was on an old dry river bed, when it didnt rain it snow. Other areas were just mud, mud. The Germans used to shell Morning, Noon and Night. Some could not take it. A Scottish Heavy Gun Battery next to us. Barrels worn down Dangerous. Met One of the Scotch chaps He said to me, I used to work at Walkers Nursery in Hastings (Karamu road) I knew it well. He went back to Scotland in 1939. and although he had not lived in Scotland for years. He was forced to join the
An insert or afterthought. Perilous
Convoys a situation. Fraught for all persons.
From Taranto to Sangro was a very perilous journey. Although the Romans built great roads. Southern Italy was like a lot of New Zealand roads. Shingle with no built in blocks on the edges. Once you were placed in a convoy/trucks. You were never allowed to try to pass at any point. If you did try. Military Police immediately relegated you to the rear of the convoy, when it arrived. Most of the vehicles were covered with tarpaulins and camouflage. Hopefully the enemy planes would be fooled…The young women of southern Italy, saw this as an opportunity to go North. As the trucks. Were covered over what was inside was unknown. As I said travelling in convoy is perilous. Four young women placed their hands on a tailboard of a truck. Quick as a flash. The cover at the back, parted. Eager hands whipped the girls into the back of the truck. When they were let out with a few provisions, a bit dishevelled The women were so keen to travel they would try again and again. Some trucks would branch off into another road. We used to give away Bully Beef (Mostly New Zealand) too fatty. In exchange for eggs. Some fruit Army every hour on the hour a ten minute break. Shortage of good roads then up to Foggia. A nightmare and sitting ducks for a strafing.
34
Impossible Conditions
draft. Placed into the Scotland Forces. The range of their guns thru a lot of of firing. Was down to half. They were wiped out in a major battle of the gun Shelling. The bridge (pontoons) were placed across the Sangro river were also blown away. The mud and snow was unyielding (Xmas-New Year). Some men could not stand the shelling and were sent back. Jol a new draft and I took shelter behind a large boulder. Just as well. A few Germans made it to the top and machined gunned everything, before retreating. They were gone just as fast My. Wagon was like a sieve, some of the three toners all tyres punctured. It must have been hell for Patrols as news filtered back. To us Then Out of the blue.
Departing the SANGRO.
Orders. Take down all (I D) If you are taken prisoner and have no (ID) You will possibly be shot. I was a suicide drive to what was (We had to make a Dash) eventually to be known as (CASSINO). Past the Brickworks and Pray the Mad Mile, through (Snipers Alley) I had to go in A1s three tonner as my own Vehicle was (after collecting what I could.) a write off. The trip over the Alps
35
Running the Gauntlet
to Cassino (Believe me) was hair raising. The Knuckle of the Left. Hand front Wheel of our Vehicle. Had been hit by sniper fire and enough damage was done to stop the Truck turning on a sharp mountain road. As the snow was up high on the corners. To turn to the right. The driver bounced his Truck off the hard packed snow to go around the corner. Dump it (NO) Even with chains the icey road was could be a Disaster if you slipped over the Edge. Some Tanks without cleats unfortunately were tipped over. Sherman. It was a proper Army Disaster. (that trip from the Sangro to Cassino.). In my private papers from the Army. The Battle of the Sangro is not mentioned. It was a nightmare for some of the fresh replacements. Slit trenches in a stone river bed, So it was back to a Casualty Clearing Station. Saw some years later, never really recovered. I met some in Rest Home visits. (General Freyberg). Told him to take cover. It was almost time for a German Shelling. (Then Right on Cue.) That is what I think saved a lot of lives. Only occasionally varied his shelling, the intensity was always suspect. But not machine gunning or mortars (Nefelwarbers) The cordory road was never used, to my Knowledge. I Suppose it sank into the mud.
36
Monastery (So High)
BATTLE OF CASSINO.
Brigadier General Freyberg. Was under (.Field Marshall Alexander). He pulled the strings (General Mark Clark. American) I dont know why, did his damnedest to suppress N.Zrs (We wanted to get on with the Job) We were independent. (Winston Churchill,) when visiting us for inspection. He was Fours hours late. Went back to our Duties. He was very upset, very rude N.Zrs. (Freybergs Quote). As you drive along the road WAVE – the N.Z. Boys will happily wave back. He Supreme Commander Field Marshall Alexander said. They are a very (N.Zrs) independent people. But when it comes getting things done. They have no equal. H was praising us for (in the 8th army times) After the Germans blew up our major (Allied Forces ammunition Dump). CASSINO). The (NZASC) With al our Three Tonners and Transporters (Did over a MILLION miles) in a month…Getting Ammo back to Cassino. From Naples. It could have been us going in the reverse. It was a desperate situation. (Have you ever read that in any books, by people who werent there.?) The A.S.C did a marvellous job. Saved Cassino. I drove a three tonner with AL also a driver for that episode of the War. E in. Shorts. Shirts and bots only, The same dress for all of us. Survived a massive German Air raid and Bombing. (The Port of NAPLES). Some Ammo boats sunk
37
Getting back to a Coy
Given a Jeep again, Tent for my R.A.P duties, which I cherished and made the. Most of. After the pressure was off…More food stocks again. We werent called Freybergs 40.000 thieves for nothing. We filled very nook (toolboxes) with food. I talked to the guard with our (Boxing R.E.M.E. Bouts) But a couple of our men unbeknown to us had committed a sin. When we got back to the camp. I (want you after handing over the Ammo. Our Major. The. Red Caps are now on your trail, coming to check what you have taken other than Ammo. Some – Black and White Whisky two crates missing. (who) SO back at Camp the Culprits, on hearing, were busy burying the two boxes. (Except for one bottle) Major) If you dont give me a bottle I will pot you. The Redcaps came and inspected and departed (No Whisky found) The following day. The General Freyberg called. Where is your Commanding officer. In his wagon Sir. A Knock on the wagon door. ([…] off – for Christs sake, I am Dying and a few other choice words) The Major was replaced by a Captain, and Sgt, We would work with these two. They were alright. The three men could not find where they had buried that Whisky As the (Bombing of Monte Cassino) was to be coming on stream. We werent
38
Yes one needed Whisky
informed. Decided to move back a bit, no risks. But as I was moving my Jeep at Dusk, A clink. I had better have a look. Yes it was the Whisky. It was muddy bottles Kept it for medicinal purposes. All the offers to sell it, I could have been wealthy, (if anyone found it) (Liras) No thank you. A top N.Z. Sportsman would remember the episode well. The Americans Bombed, (Everyone took evasive action. The Dust rose. The Airman admitted (Dust) did not have a clue as to the target after that, 25 miles back sometimes. The Second attempt later was no better. As we were clearing the Rubble left by the bombing. I found in the mud a coin A Roman Coin. (old), which I still have. I will never be sure if the Germans were in the Monastery or just on the outskirts. A Bit too high for me to to make a decision. The English Intelligence, unimpressive was not very positive What were supposed to be weak points to break through, were always the opposite. The Police forces made the Breakthrough way up high All the different Nationalities. (Indians worked with us – and the curry at times permeated the whole area) Canadians who could really drink your beer, Canadian issue but did not reciprocate, British units, Scotch units, Polish, and Sth African Blacks
39
United Nationalities
(Basuto). We as N.Zrs made sure they were fed. (South Africa) left behind They. Helped us at the (Sangro) you could see their White Teeth, only at night. Skin was polished Black–. Berbers who had Mules that clambered the Heights So very independent – – Free French, always kept at a 5 mile distance. At least. Of course The Americans…(Now read this) Not far behind their line. A long tent. Typical Go in one end Filthy, come out the other end. You had washed, hairdo, Uniform cleaned and Boots, if needed a K9 Ration to top it off. A couple of use tried it. We were ushered away, but we did get a K9 Ration. Going back to Bari on an assignment, Took a wrong turn. An American compound with a lot inside. I saw a Double 10 ft wire all around. I was very lucky to get away out of that. No Shelter for inmates. I could see. My new assignment. Taking prisoners back was one of my jobs. The Italian P.O.Ws. Stopped at a Village. (after lunch and ??? I believe every girl was known to them) Make Love not war.) 300 of them. But the Hitler Youth (not unlike us Fair complexion) One on one, still (Heil) (Hitler) On this movement we were attacked by a Focke-Wolf Twin Tail plane A Bomber. (Almost caught us out,) It was a carbon copy of the Lightning
40
Other Observations
Bomber. (American) That plane it was brought down and not badly damaged. The Pilot who brought it down, was shot down too. He landed alongside us in a parachute. Thank God Im on the friendly side…I want to go and get another Plane I am going to get the one that shot me down. In a Dog fight usually up high you could only hear. The Rat tat tat of machine guns, Planes screaming. German fighter planes chased one of our Lysander spotter planes When the three Messerschmitts were near. Spotter would just Drop. This action was not very high up. Spotter Plane pilot gradually drew the three planes towards the Hills. The engines of the German planes then screamed. (Too late) to pull out. Those three planes were a menace. Gliders, just complete and ready for service. That was a surprise to all and a lot were in the Large Hanger almost ready for parachute service. (As big as a DC3. And made of wood). Seeing Women spread across a field planting crops (would be 50) all in black. Every Village had a statue of a Madonna at each end, Black all week. Best clothes Sunday. As I said earlier Once the Italians (Mommas) knew the Nzrs were not a lot different to them and not cruel. They treated us right and we reciprocated. They liked N.Z. Bully Beef. The Italians grew to trust us but (Daughters Niento) but comaraderie [camaraderie] was apparent.
via Piergi 103
Vitellino
06061 Castiglione del Lago (PG)
Italy
2nd January 2001
Dear
I am now returning your photograph although I still don’t have any news of Tosca. Today I took it to the priest at St. Firmina near Arezzo as someone had told us there was a woman called Tosca living there and although the priest didn’t know her he is going to look through all the parish records for me. So we can only hope.
As to the New Zealanders who got up to mischief, the local people usually don’t specify what race they were. However, there was one instance reported to me of a lorry which stopped outside a bar in Castiglione del Lago with its engine running. A Maori ran inside, jumped up on the bar, grabbed a bottle of Vermouth from a shelf behind and ran out and into the waiting lorry before anyone had realised what had happened.
I hope you enjoyed your Christmas and New Year. I remember that you told me in your first letter that you were to have celebrated (blanked out) he 31st of December. One of my Christmas presents was a record of Jose Cura. Do you know of him? Rumour has it that Pavarotti has done his best to ensure that Cura doesn’t sing too often in Italy, especially in the opera house at Parma which is right on Pavarotti’s doorstep.
As soon as I have anything else to report to you about Tosca I will write again,
With kind regards
Janet
41
Orders and Reunion
Cassino breakthrough, a relief. On to Rome. But (Gen Mark Clark)(American General) in charge now. (An order) On no account are Nzrs allowed to enter Rome. Before Americans. He was an (RC) I enjoyed riding around ROME and people gave us a welcome. Given a couple of Days break. It was to be with mates and wander thru Rome. Full of Statues and the Victor Emanuelle is a glorious fountain – statue. Gold. I suppose it is. Still there. Gave the Coliseum. a miss. One day was spent watching our Jack Mooney play as a Half back in a Rugby Match. Herbie Cook – Bob Scott Fullbacks and the Brownlie Bros Gisborne. Wally Argus and others. Some became the (N.Z) Army team members later on Then it was press on to FLORENCE. But before then was ARREZZO. OLMO Yes Tosca was home and well. She gave me another Photo and a message (I will always keep it.) Short time. Yes. A couple of Days later on Patrol in the opposite TRASIMENE direction. Two German Tiger Tanks. I said to a Scottish Officer with a company (Bag Pipes and all) Dont go any further Sir. Tanks. (Colonials) I was told in 1990 (Jol) lived in St Heliers Auckland) Apparently when the 2 Tiger Tanks opened up after capturing the Highlanders. WE had (Andy and I)
42
Casualty – Home to N.Z.
had sheltered behind a stone wall, which was levelled, Your co-driver was killed and they said you would not last Long when (Al) and I (Jol). Put you on a Jeep. Did not know I went all the way back to Caserta N.Z. Base Hospital. A ghost. (20th August 1944) Sent home. Hospital Ship (Maunganui) (10th Dec 1944) I arrived back at Wellington (Jan 1945). Put in the back room at the Wellington Hospital. Dr said you are in a bad way so just rest quietly. And get forgotten. I asked to be transferred to the (Hastings Hospital). Had a rest before a notice came. A full Medical examination was carried out and I was after, placed on a Pension.
Going back to ITALY.
Going through FOGGIA. And while we were looking at the Cameos, watches etc Jewellery on the wreck of a shop. Some men went to the Basement of a Hotel; Blankets. It was getting cold. A squeal was heard just as we were leaving the area. It little white piglet. Put him in an Ammo Box with some Carnation Milk. Arrived back at camp among the Olive trees. Not allowed to stay in the buildings or built up areas. Approached Sgt Lockie. We have something to show you. Sgt was a bit older. Oh no, what have you been up to now. When he saw the
43
Accepted by all 18th TTC
Pig (They became firm friends.) (The upshot) Percy was his name…Freyberg accepted he was to be our Mascot. (Silver Fern on his sides No 31. on his rear). Percy travelled in a 3 ton truck (with Jack) he was sold about a week before I was wounded. He was a Boar and getting too big. Always Placid, no other units tried to hurt him. He would swim in the rivers with us. Many a soldier told of his worries to Percy. He Percy would just lie still. Always enjoyed his ration of Chocolate, Bottle of Beer and he would get drunk on Canadian Beer. Cake of Soap and loved Carnation Milk. Would line up for his Share. No cigarettes though. The Sgt one day was having a shave…Percy grabbed the Brush and took off. It was Hilarious, with what he was calling that Pig. (Pork chops you will be.)
CIVILIAN again.
For some reason (Returned men) were not welcome, and especially if they had been wounded and were trying to recover. I rang Bessie McCutcheon. Its you. I would like Breathing exercises. I said They have worked obviously. Booked myself out of the Hospital. I had property and it was mine all paid for. George
44
Obstacles to Overcome
had paid the rent. Decided to inquire about a (Rehab Loan.) My Medical card record. Was suspect as to my future. The person I was dealing with was a chap I knew compassionate leave person. Not helpful at all. So said to him. Tear up my form. My Wife a competent Finance arrainger [arranger]. Obtained the Finance to allow us to build a Home. I had been successful in a Ballot for a Section. SO the future looked promising…My Discharge Papers (private) say I could possibly do Office work only. I found a job at Loan and Mercantile. Stock and Station Agents. Didnt stay long as Dalgetys were taking it over. So I Spoke to a top House Builder. He offered me an Adult Apprentice Ship. He did the arranging. I stayed with him I served the hours. My Journeyman papers. Had to go to Robert Holts (Joinery instruction) Tech School for Drawing, Studied Quantity Surveying. Still have all the Books. (Advice for Service Men.) Put out by Peter Fraser. How to use Timbers. Rimu, Matai, Totara. Used then. Cedar from Odlins Timber used to be stooked against Cribs. 20Ft lengths Straight, Sun Dried. My Boss was getting on. I am going back to Wellington. You are quite competent to start on Housing Construction. So I went to Robt Holts Hastings, Manager
45
Friendly Advice Wins
Said I cant give you supplies no credit information. Old a lawyer friend who I always stuck with…Talk Bowls with him. It worked. He coached me. I won the Hastings Junior Singles, and runner up Hawkes Bay Singles Wairere Club. Napier. Never had to worry about supplies after that. I was a good payer and was well looked after by Jack Davis (Boxer) Joined the Master Builders and had a good staff of Carpenters now and Sub Contractors. Which I looked after. I never had a complaint on workmanship. But having a staff in the Country and also another staff in town. I had joined a Male Voice Choir. Recommend it to anybody, Local people enjoyed it too. I was a H.B Delegate on the M.Blders…Ran Seminars at the Napier Hall. Competent speakers of all areas vital to a person who wanted to be in Business. I was scribe, Addresses printed in the M.B Construction Magazine. 55 years, still have the same Acct Firm and Law Firm. Also Insurance. Lawyer perused every contract. Until I received the Go ahead in writing. Dont go near the site. Also in contracts involving Houses or Woolsheds, Implement Sheds. Whares etc for Farmers. Used to price the job off the Plan. Submit the price and completion date (period of time) a must. The
46
The Only Way
Stock and Station firms accountant. Thank you. Would notify my lawyer if it was Yes or No. (Finance) The jobs were completed and inspected Progress was in 5 stages for a Dwelling and payments made to my submissions. The period of maintenance was 30 days. Then final payment. Regardless of any persuasion [persuasion]. I would never allow extra work on a Housing Project. Other clients are waiting. What a client did after was their concern. Housing is not profitable if you let interruptions occur. This is why I gave up building for private people. Can get awkward. Try to yet your foreman. SO gathered a good clientelle. The Banks were contacting the Firm. The only drawback, having to be prepared to carry out work anywhere, If you ran alongside the rail for 35 miles, you should get your timer etc delivered to the nearest siding. Had to get a stamp once a month from Transport. Hastings. It was getting so bad (regulations) at Wanstead pub out from Waipukurau. A farmer said would you like to sell me your lodestar truck. It would carry my tractor just the right tonnage. I sold it on the spot. It was a relief. Never missed it. Used carriers after that. But in an episode before I sold the (Lodestar truck) The Waterfront strike in Auckland. No cement for
47
Auckland the Enemy
sale in Hawkes Bay. I badly needed some. So drove to Auckland. Bought seven tonne of cement. One the way home was stopped at Bombay Hills. The union Sorry you will have to unload that. Nothing is to go out of Auckland. Even for HB So I rang Bryants (Wood and Coal Merchants) to come out and take the cargo back. (No wonder we in Hawkes. Bay hated Auckland) My foreman was on the H.B. Union as Secretary. It was hard carrying out work. WE made so many Double ended sloping floor Dog Kennels for farmers. Also I and 2 man huts for railway maintenance men. Just the Best materials. WE road it out They the The unions attempted to stop us doing the Huts. I started then to think. My life has to be better than this. I fought for Freedom. The Huts in the railway yards. (Rail was now striking too) There is a truck with a load on board. No union man was allowed to Drive. Labourer said Ill take it to Clive…I had my suspicions when told what it was and where it went. (HE gave me the list) I still had the List. (5 Years later.) A visit to the company Office. I handed the List to the Detective Policeman. Never heard another word. It was exactly the information they wanted. Bank sent me to Wairoa to oversee some buildings
48
Johny on the Spot
work for a client. Stopped at the Rabbit bridge (MOHAKA). The Gate locked Parked. I had a new Morris Commercial, open under the seats. A load of Timber arrived, for strengthening the bridge. It was pouring with rain. To dump it. I had to move as the gate was not open. After Dumping the timber. Gate opened ON to the Town of (Wairoa) No wages. Lost from under the open seat. So I went and saw a Lawyer friend. I had gone to High School with him. He loaned me the money. Paid the men. On the way back. I stopped at the bridge. Asked them if they could move a Balk of timber. Yes in the Mud in the clear satchel, all the money Books etc. (How is that for Johny [Johnny] on the Spot) Fastidious Office staff to thank The Lawyer was compensated. Great having friends. He Morris was the first, supposed to be the latest (all steel construction.) Cab leaked like a sieve in the rain So just out of Napier. Rain stopped. I mopped the cab out it looked like a new truck again. About to go into Anderson and Hansens. I had brought it from. A chap said. Nice new truck. DO you want to sell it. It is just what my firm wants. So I then had to get a bus home. To Hastings. Office girl. Where is the truck? Time to change…My wife bought a Wolseley 4/44. It was a nice car, but a bit low
49
Getting too Big
in the sump area. So lifted it the car, up in the front two inches. No more trouble on country road problems. Working for a bank. Building Houses for Clients in Taupo. Built the first house at 2 mile bay. A couple at (TURANGI,) for old farmer clients. When they heard I was in the Taupo area. Employed local Maori.lads There for two years building. (About to start a house) Digging out for the Basement. (Ground just disappeared) A great bottomless hole, suddenly. A Tomo. Engineer had to redesign. The building is still there. Napier to TAUPO High Hills. (Te Pohue) (Titiokura Summit) (Lookout) see for miles. (Turangakumu) Saddle. Native Forests were decimated in those Places. All around there. Sad. While building at Taupo. The Government bought in new Law NO more to be. (Pine) Had to be ordered as (Radiata Pine) Native Timbers on the way out. It made timber easier to get. (I latched on to a supply-Monterey Pine, (Matakana Island.) As good a timber as you could get and still is. Solid straight and matures Well. Getting too big and really needed a larger set up. I did not want that. SO had to make a decision. Wanted to pursue a musical career. Good get in with a top teacher. Oriental Bay. Wellington. I had to still build a House as promised for
50
Gradually away from Building
my W.W.1 friend. I built the House and Waiwhare School and House. Work in undated. I could have stayed in the area for years. WW1 came into the Office paid the balance owing. His son had not come back. (remember friend Bari) Gave him a meal. He handed farm to his Son in Law. Invited me to to the Wedding…After the wedding. Flew out of New Zealand. I have never heard from him again. Staff was now more than I wanted. Joinery Shop. In country work you had to. Not rely on too many others to complete a contract. I wanted now to pursue my training with Hamilton Dickson. Won a scholarship. My Music career. So now or never. Placed staff with others. Another reason I gave up building. You train apprentices. A year to go. Girlfriend says, you can make better monies working for Watties as a Salesman or similar. No help at all from Unions. That and about to start a large contract. NO help at all from Unions. That and about to start a large contract. Owner disappears, Good business, Gone. No money worries. Missing person. Had to cancel everything ordered. Small place M. (stuffed it up) Subbies upset. Why not get a clean quiet. Eight Hour day job. A Managers position. (International) (The rules.) (Only do your job) I remained
51
Growing up again. 8Hr Day
with the Firm until I retired. Still a staff member also. A couple of visits to U.L. was enjoyed. The firm is still just as large and W/Wide. That was in 1970. After Building work and obstacles. This was a dream job. Addressed always as Mr. In contact with England Daily. Computers were just surfacing, How accepted yes, I. Have had one ever since. A Salary. New car My own imprest account. Because Answerable to England only…I was on the move staying at best Hotels. Found out. You can do anything if you want to Flying to different countries. Learning a new language. Before giving away building, I made sure A retirement income. Yes Units. Building is a tough game and is only rewarding if you can control all your money payments yourself and straight into the Bank untouched. Won a prize after the I.R.D inspected. Best set of bookwork (Always pay on time) Otherwise give up. Also if you are not involved in an argument. (keep out of it) N.Z. does not find out what a person wants to do. I have had all sorts work for me. Please dont employ them I was told) Became faithful workers) Find what they are can do. I In 1985 while flying to Sydney, The women next to me…I have just been to a lovely country wedding in N.Z. My Son has just married a N.Z. Girl. They the
52
Enjoying Life
parents are a lovely friendly Family. Told me a bit more, Yes. I had built the parents house. But she did not know what happened to the grandfather. My W.W.1 friend (Small world actually) Visiting Asia and much further afield, Travel is good for the education. The unwritten rule in business deal. Politeness, cleanliness (, PUNCTUALITY) know your limitations You cant be an expert in every thing. I never strayed from my expertise was always Honest in my dealings. As an R S A member since 1945. Occupational Therapy. (Sewing up Bags, Gloves Instead of nothing. Hospital reply. WE have enough to do (Go away) Now 82. WW2 A long time ago. This is my true reflection of (CIVILIAN – SOLDIER – CIVILIAN) I. represented 2nd NZEF at Perth Australia. Anzac Day. 1984-1991 Unofficialy…At the lovely (Memorial Park) overlooks the Swan River. Each Tree has name of a regiment. Its number name on a plate. Modern units for old soldiers who that can still look after themselves. (Men and Women) quite impressed (Free). In the year 1999 A women visited A village for me. Now lives in Trasimene near Arrezzo. Sent Photo. Checked out with Priest. (Tosca). She had passed on.
53
N.Zrs were accepted in Italy
But like a lot of New Zealanders (She was one of many who made friends) as lot of NZ. Soldiers married (Italian) women. They saved many N.Z. Lives. One goes to war to uphold freedom. (Hitler Youth) opened ones eyes Quickly. If and when you see men killed. Or wounded. Easy it is to be Killed. As I said earlier on. Sometimes your own…3 mates, that are on the same wave length. I had just finished issuing the Canteen rations. Men were sitting in the backs of their three tonners. It was dark by now. Smoking cigarettes. Talking warm night. Every time a draw on the smoke a RED end glowed. Like a loft of stoplights. A. Chap who was very upset. (standing) The trucks were in a circle. I am going to shoot you all. He was now standing in the centre of the circle of trucks. One of his mates had suspicions, Happy was stressed over something. The exact time cig lights went out His mate shot him in the foot. Just as he pulled the trigger. Base. For him. No rifles left for distribution. No kidding. Just told would be an issue of Thompson Sub machine guns, they had, , had a hard life. Try finding a place to carry on of those Bulky things in a truck. (NO bullets issued) (Hair trigger) I know where my old mates (grave) is. Looked after in ITALY.
54
Italy Story – Not Forgotten
A book covers the war in the area of (Lake Trasimene and Florence) I have the copy (presented to me) After all the years since the conflict, some parts of the action were not allowed to be written about. I am not submitting my own true story. As what I said about the (SANGRO) is absolutely correct. As I conclude shortly. I have a letter in my hand. Owing to the Parlous state our (my) R.S.A (As I said to an earlier meeting. (liabilities come easy – Where are the Assets)? Going back I was relaxing in a field after the (ROME) battle was over. Having a break. I was resting peacefully. First of all 100 Lightning Bomber flew low overhead. Nearly *** myself. The noise was absolutely deafening. Never saw any again. Goodbye. Above a lot of noise. I sat up. Forming in the North sky and above. The (D Day Bomber) raid to Germany. I was watching a very unique event. The Germans were still strong ahead the action was plain to see The Anti Aircraft guns started pumping out shells. The planes were all circling gaining height. A puff of smoke . A gap in the planes. Christ that is the end of there mission. I cant really describe how fantastic it was. Said a prayer that their mission would be succesful. There were all types of Planes, up in that
55
D.Day Significance. Amazing.
Sky Flying Fortresses, Lancaster, Stirlings, Liberators, Didnt realize it. I was not knowing anything. Amazed Still see it. What an undertaking. That was at 0800hrs The Afternoon, 1400hrs Some came limping back…Four Wellington Bombers landed in a swamp, not to far away Mistaking it for an airfield. But a warning, Never unloaded their Bombs. Still on the planes. They gradually sank into the swamp. Very Heavy machines.
A rumour or otherwise. At Taranto as told to us few. Between Italy and Sicily. The Messina Straights. Mistaking it for land. Paratroopers were mistakenly released. Over the sea. Could never confirm that this actually happened. But a very distraught Paratrooper told us about it. He managed to make it shore. The story I have written is true ( except for the last item).
In war you go where you are placed or sent. There is no time to wish you had not enlisted. We wanted to get on with the Job, and get back to New Zealand. The soldiers you started with. After the Desert Campaign. Never saw many of them again. Later Years (ASIA) In a clearing in the Bush in Burma. 10 of us all different races. It is surprising how quick you reach an understanding.
56
N.Z. Addicted Smokers
Every one has to eat and bed down. The one a nuggety Nepalese Enlish [English] Army Ghurka amongst us A Returned soldier of W.W.2 on the Sangro. Thats right all N.Z. soldiers had to lace their boots a certain way. Ghurkas dont talk It is no good trying to shake your head after. Worked at night. Absolute Loners Deadly. The Cause of a lot of men becoming addicts to Smoking. Victory V was the cigarettes name. Issued in the Desert. After being taken out of a 4 gallon tin. Sealed…Packets of 10..They turned Spotty black very quickly…Smokers cough was evident all the time (Ghastly) Our own Roll your own was no better. Not cured properly. (Desert gold) crawled out of tines Nuns pipe tobacco, if you had a pipe. The cigarette issue was changed later too English 50 in a tin Gold Flake (fortnightly) hopefully. Cabin Biscuits (so hard) you could pave a road with. They would not soften. Steak and Kidney pudding in tins. Cut in half for two people to share. The pastry was hard to cook. Small companies such as ours had to do with the (simple cooking) a Burner-in Trench-Cover – Kerosene an awful smell. Cook whoever it had to be adaptable. But all would help if asked Jack. Mooney Waihi. Finding a variety of fare was always on his mind (Actually a
57
While we listened to Axis Sally, Then Vera Lynn. Wireless
slice of bread (Margarine) lumpy and a long held bit of cheese was absolutely marvellous. ) our company fortunately had a good Captain in the Desert. Our Officer was one of us, had to live like us looked after our interests as best her could. The 8th Army Times (Evening Axis Sally) Gave the. English Army Boys Hell. Yanks and the English girls. Poms went berserk. Then later came, Vera Lynn (NO New Zealand) songs Just When the Lights go on in London Again) and similar Minister Jones did nothing Desert-. Fraser at Cassino One very quickly learnt that keeping your sanity was paramount. On Sundays depending. InterDenominational. Padres or-Father-or any other person who gave a good sermon. And was a good speaker had a good audience. (Denominations werent even discussed) N.Z.rs. The Hill that cost a Million dollars for the Yanks to take. The top, they found the Enemy, Germans had long gone. The Yanks just left all their Guns behind. And yet we had to sign for any gear at Ismalia Egypt. Good company though. One airfield in Italy. Yanks flew planes like a car. To go not too far away. I met a few of the original 18th Tank Transporter Company) boys after the war. I was glad I did become an R.S.A member. Just seem to fit in…Jack Mooney I
58
18th TTC. All Mates
found him. Jerry strafed him one day. (Percy consoled him) inebriated after strafe. Was area character Always had some Roosters Blood. He was an assistant cook. Great scavenger. For the cook. A close friend until Italy Bradyn. Back home. Sat down to have his cup of tea. (Quietly passed on) He was never out of money. War was a necessity When you met Hitler Youth. It was fanatical against freedom. Wherever you were sent, Survival was paramount. Mostly worked together…FOOTNOTE. At Tel El Kabir. Egypt. The Sweetwater Canal ran alongside the. Road then Desert for ever. Dhows used to be pulled along by men with feet the size of Dinner plates, bodies bent parallel to the ground. Apparently has been done for centuries. But if one of us were to fall in the canal. I was a course of 30 odd needles Full of every illness It was a hive of humanity as all the canal was. Workers lived on the canal bank. Everything that was not tied down would quickly disappear. (That what was their way of life) I am not knocking them. Going across the (Sania Desert) to Palestine. (Haifa) Before Israel. To check if the Germans had not sneaked through that way as a backdoor to sabotage Egypt Fifth Column The (SUEZ CANAL,) A strip of water between the sand.
59
Memories of long ago. R.I.P.
The Cassino memories 60 years has come and gone. (From the R.S.A Review). August 2004. I this day 13th August 2004 have spoken to the Sister who was on duty in the Hospital (Army Caserta -Italy) helped nurse me back to Health. I have Photostated her story to read. I also spoke to the N.Z.P.A writer of the Cassino visit. The Sister specifically asked me to mention in my story. What a wonderful job the MEDICAL CORP,s carried out. I endorse that with all my heart. They rescued me twice otherwise I would not be writing this Book. Also it can be seen by looking at the Map of Cassino and where Monte Cassino is situated. Big as it is it was just a silouette [silhouette] on the skyline.
I tried not to dwell on the terrible side of war. The article covering the Sisters comments answers that. My Book was written to show young men and women after the Services can by determination do anything. But always keep your own counsel and you will succeed. I Did. But of course one must always have a Wife to work with you, otherwise what is freedom, and share the good with the bad. The writer hopes you enjoy the Book. Nothing was dreamt up. 20 to 23 live a life I have always kept in contact with village of ARREZZO and a woman who is a writer of the WW2 area around Lake Trasimene. I managed to get a copy. It is book mostly of Soldiers Diaries unfortunately Called TRASIMENE line. Good reading. Dont Rush. Soldiers thoughts of ITALIAN theatre of War, in the area.
60
This insert I have had for many years.
While the Allied forces were fighting their way up Italy in the Autumn, Winter of 1943-44. The inhabitants of the Hill Villages to the west of Lake Trasimene in UMBRIA. Were watching with Trepidation the arrival of German Troops with their preparations for war. The Air Force were carrying out attacks along the Adriatic….The Germans were forcing civilians to construct Machine gun platforms along the Trasimene Line.
The Villagers were hurriedly hiding possessions and digging into the Hills. And underground shelters. The Partisans were organising in the mountains and along the Lakes shores.
Stories of the Bravery of the British 78th and 4th Divisions.
Eighth Army 13th Corps. Particularly the 2nd N.Z.E.F who finally with the help of the Partisans broke the spirit of the Germans who fled the area.
A Village was found where the Germans had killed all the inhabitants. The Diaries are interesting to read and digest.
61
A Timely R.S.A Review August 2004
I thoroughly enjoy the R.S.A Journal. I would hate to see it disappear. I would be quite happy to pay a small subscription to keep it going. How would I know (Last Post) most important. The CASSINO write up 2004. (It has capped off my Book).
PEG LIMMER.
Met her at home on the 13th August 2004. Had a long chat. Peg was one of the Sisters who nursed me back to health. CASERTA hospital near NAPLES (ITALY) Then was also on the Hospital Ship (Maunganui) that brought me back to N.Z. Peg Gave me permission to put her article in my book. (Civilian)(Soldier)(Civilian) Also met another friend who was on the same ship.
Then I contacted Mr Ian Stuart.
We had a long chat. Permission was given to use his articles writings in my Book also. I used to deliver Herald Tribunes. When the Returned Services Association Paper is Published.
NURSE TELLS OF WOUNDED CASSINO SOLDIERS
By Ian Stuart of NZPA
Cassino, May 21 – Peg Limmer could not afford to get emotional about the hideously wounded soldiers brought into her hospital near Cassino, Italy, during World War 2. Some had arms or legs blown off, or only half a face and many died because nothing could be done for them but to Mrs Limmer every one was a hero.
“You couldn’t let it get to you because you had to go to the next bed and try to comfort him in whatever way you could”. Mrs Limmer, 86, from Northcote in Auckland, told NZPA as she walked among the graves in the Cassino War Cemetery of some of the men she had nursed 60 years ago.
Mrs Limmer was in Cassino for the 60th anniversary of the battle, which accounted for 1400 New Zealand Casualties, including 343 dead. The battle to capture the small Italian town and the 6 century Benedictine Monastery overlooking the town and the Liri Valley was one of the costliest of the war for New Zealand.
Mrs Limmer’s unit was based near Naples and was the first to receive wounded soldiers from the battle in February and March 1944. The nurses were housed 10 at a time in the huts. Mrs Limmer said nurses did not cry on duty when a badly sounded solider was brought into the hospital or died.
“We used to talk about this one or that one and some of us would have a little bit of a weep and some of us would say he probably wont be there when I go back in the morning.” and more often than not he wasn’t” she said.
The wounded soldiers were carried in by the hundred after a big battle.
“They were delivered outside the entrance to the hospital and whoever was on duty – there might be four doctors and six nurses – were given a stethoscope and it was over to you whether you looked at some guy perhaps without an arm, without a leg, without an eye or without half his head.”
Despite the emotional hardship, Mrs Limmer said she would never regret one moment of her service with the army field hospital. She said the hard thing about returning to Cassino after 60 years after the battle was to see the graves of the young men who died.
“They were just kids and they lost their lives for what?…It wasn’t worth it”.
She said none complained about their injuries, “They might say “That’s a crummy breakfast we had or this bed is bloody hard” and things like that but no real moans at all”.
“WE REMEMBERED THEM”
CASSINO 2004
In May 2004 over 100 Veterans of the Battle of Monte Cassino in 1944, returned to the scene of this historic and savage battle commemorate the 60th anniversary of the end of the battle, and to remember those who died and are buried near this site. Accompanying the group of 52 veterans that were flown to Italy on the Air Force Boeing 757 was New Zealand Press Association Auckland Bureau Chief Ian Stuart. The following “dispatches” are some of the stories from the veterans filed by Ian during the pilgrimage. Photographs illustrating the dispatches were taken by Corporal Tim Jordan RNZAF.
RSA Review August 2004 Page 3
RSA Review
EX PADRE “BLOODY GLAD” ABBEY WAS BOMBED
BY: Ian Stuart of NZPA
At 91, former army padre Pat Gourdie, stood at the foot of the imposing Benedictine monastery on top of Monte Cassino in Italy today and said he “bloody glad” it was blown to bits by the Allies in World War 2. Mr Gourdie, an Anglican padre, served at Cassino in 1944 when the allies bombed and shelled the sixth-century monastery and turned it to rubble to prevent it being used by the Germans as an observation pots.
The monastery dominated the Liri Valley and the town of Cassino and until the Germans had been routed, the Allies’ push north up the Italian Peninsula to Rome stalled. The town and the monastery finally fell on May 17 and today as part of the commemorations an ecumenical service was held in the abbey, restored to its former glory from the original plans when it was first built in 529.
As he walked up the steep drive to the abbey, Mr Gourdie said as an Anglican he wanted to praise God for the ecumenical service in a Catholic Church.
“It is our prayer it is here for thousands of years without being hurt”.
However, Mrs Gourdie said during the way he was “bloody glad” it was being bombed. He said the decision to bomb the monastery and the resulting controversy should not be blamed on Lieutenant General Sir Bernard Freyberg, the commanding officer of the New Zealand Corps which was given the task of capturing the town and the monastery.
“I don’t agree with that. It was the decisions of the Germans to have this as their bastion point of their winter line. They were so dammed close – probably a 100 metres off it so technically they might not have been in there”.
Photo caption – Pat Gourdie discusses the battle of Cassino with Master Cadet Natasha Morgan (Christchurch) Natasha is wearing her grandfather’s medals.
RSA Review August 2004 Page 2
CASSINO 2004
TEARS FLOW AS OLD SOLDIERS REMEMBER THEIR FALLEN MATES
BY: Ian Stuart of NZPA
Cassino, May 17 2004 – The tears flowed virtually unchecked and the voices were too choked with emotion to talk today as New Zealand’s old soldiers from the World War 2 Italian campaign remembered their mates who died at Cassino.
The Royal British Legion commemorative service was the first of several to mark the Battle of Cassino, which lasted three months and which cost the Allies 45,000 killed or wounded.
Among them were the 343 New Zealand soldiers who died in two failed assaults on the township under the imposing Monte Cassino on which stands the centuries old Benedictine Monastery. The town and the monastery were both bombed and blasted by artillery into rubble 60 years ago before the New Zealand troops hurled themselves at the German paratrooper defenders.
Both New Zealand attacks – in the middle of January and two months later in the middle of March – failed, and the monastery was not taken until 17 May 1944.
Today, some of the old soldiers who survived the New Zealand attacks were at the Cassino War Cemetery for the British Service, which opened a week of commemorations.
For some the day was too much, particularly when they found the graves of their mates who died in the campaign and are buried under the shadow of the mountain.
Stuart Black (Tuhoe) from Kawerau, was of the first soldiers from the 28th Maori Battalion to reach the Cassino Railway station the night before the second assault in March. Most of the officers in his unit, B Company, were killed.
Five soldiers were sent in to set up demolition charges as a prelude to the attack but were told not to go as far at the railway station.
“Things went that good and being young…someone tapped me on the shoulder and said ‘Hey, we’re in the railway station’”, he said.
They pulled back in preparation for the main assault. Today, his moving farewell to his wife’s uncle, Tahae Trainor, 25, had a large crowd of old soldiers from other countries and their relatives, weeping and clapping at the same time.
Mr Black, 82, from Katikati in the Bay of Plenty, wore a specially made Maori cloak as he stood in front of Mr Trainor’s grave with his wife Ani and bade him a powerful and emotional farewell.
With his head bowed and his shoulders shaking with 60 years of pent up grief, he let the tears flow after a Maori cloak of Kiwi feathers was placed on Mr Trainor’s headstone.
He said the Kiwi troops, struggling to take the town amid terrible losses, were right behind the bombing.
“It was like a bird of ill omen brooding over us. I don’t know who said that originally but boy was it like that”. He said the soldiers did not want to see sacred buildings bombed but it was a military stronghold.
After the service – during which video and still cameras and flashes were prohibited but not the guns of Italian police Prime Minister Helen Clark and Cassino veteran Earle Crutchley returned several items looted from the ruins of the monastery by New Zealand soldiers during the war. Miss Clark presented a copper etching, three pieces of scrollwork and two plates to the Abbot, Cardinal Bernardo D’Onorio.
Mr Crutchley presented a heavy pewter chalice taken by a soldier who handed it to a Christchurch priest to be returned when he heard Mr Crutchley was travelling to Italy for the 60th commemorations of the battle at Cassino.
After he returned the chalice to its rightful owner after 60 years Mr Crutchley was embraced and kissed on both cheeks by the Cardinal.
“From the people of New Zealand and the war veterans, please accept this as a token of reconciliation.” Mr Crutchley told the Cardinal.
Later an emotional Mr Crutchley said handing over the chalice was a very special and incredible moment.
“I can hardly speak. It will be a long time before I get over it – wonderful, a very treasured moment.” said Mr Crutchley, a gunner in the crew of a New Zealand 25 pounder field gun which pounded the German positions at Cassino with artillery fire.
“It’s hurting, we are all hurting. They are not” he said of the hundreds of young New Zealand men lying in their graves at Cassino.
“But we are from what we did”.
Mr Black said he and his wife and members of his family were at Cassino today because they had to come back for those who were killed.
“I am coming to them, I had to have it with them”.
Sixty years after the battle Mr Black said the many young lives lost in the battle was too high a price to pay.
“The whole thing was wrong. None of it was worth it”.
However, Mr Black said he was glad he was able to do something for the Italian people, many of whom were very poor and many were hungry.
Many of the young New Zealand soldiers in the Cassino War Cemetery were only 18 or 19 after lying about their ages to get past the army regulations that would not allow all young men under 21 to enlist.
As they trod the perfectly manicured lawn cemetery looking for their mates, the Kiwi veterans held their handkerchiefs at the ready. Without exception they were used when the tears flowed as they stood at the simple white headstone and read the engraved name, rank and serial number of their fallen mates, not because they did not want to but because they could not get past the emotion which chocked their voices.
“I can’t, I can’t. Talk to someone else”, one said as he dabbed at his eyes.
“I am no good to talk to. It’s too hard, too hard”, another said as he stood at the grave of his 21-year-old friend.
“At least he will never grow old”.
The Kiwi veterans march into the Cassino War Cemetery
CASSINO 2004
CASSINO VETERAN REFLECTS ON LESSONS OF WAR
BY: Ian Stuart of NZPA
Nearly 60 years ago Ron Hilton instinctively threw himself flat on an Invercargill street when a car backfired. It was his legacy of a war in Europe where he ws living on a knife edge and killing German soldiers before they killed him as the Allies pushed north up the Italian Peninsula in the closing stages of the World War 2.
Today 22 May 2004, Mr Hilton and 50 other veterans from the battle of Cassino boarded an Air Force Boeing for the final leg of a 12-day trip home from Italy where they revisited the battlefields around the southern town of Cassino and the graves of mates.
The battle to take the town and the centuries-old Benedictine monastery overlooking the town and the Liri Valley was one of the costliest of the war for New Zealand.
In a few weeks at the beginning of 1944, there were 1400 New Zealand casualties, including 343 dead. Mr Hilton, 81, from Wanganui has lived with the trauma of “a very ugly war” for most of his life but he said it was several months after he returned to New Zealand and was “demobbed” that his life began to get back to normal.
“I remember being on the streets of Invercargill with my mother, A truck or something backfired and I ended up lying on the ground flat on my face. The reaction was just ‘down’ and my mother said ‘What are you doing down there Ronnie?’ She couldn’t understand why I was lying on the ground” he said.
The trip back to Italy for the 60th anniversary of the battle of Cassino gave Mr Hilton an emotional closure after living with the trauma of the war nearly every day for the last 60 years – most days in the recesses of his mind, but every now and then came a sharp memory of the mates he lost.
He visited some of their graves at the Cassino War Cemetery during the New Zealand commemorate service last week and remembered them as young men denied what he had experienced – 60 years of life.
Mr Hilton said he left New Zealand as a naive young man heading off on a big adventure. He returned a changed man.
“It shows you an ugly side of life you never see and that is killing – mass killing”.
Mr Hilton said he had had no difficulty killing enemy soldiers.
It came down to you or him or me and he probably felt the same way.
It was ugly business, Blokes come back traumatised to hell.
You never recover really.
“I asked myself do we have to go through this all again to prove a point?
“This is where I feel our generation failed in this respect – not just as New Zealanders – but our age group throughout the world who fought but didn’t say enough is enough”.
He said after the war the generations who had fought should have done more to stop other conflicts.
“As people who had been through it and who had fought against each other we should have said enough is enough. There should be no more of this”.
For the chief of the defence forces, Air Marshal Bruce Ferguson, who accompanied the Cassino veterans, the return to Italy was an emotional release for some, an emotional homecoming for others.
“It was an reawakening of fears and dreads.
“For the vast majority it has been healing. It is a homecoming for many – back to where probably the most traumatic event of their young lives occurred.
“They came back to pay respects to those of their friends of that age who didn’t return and I think that is very important” Air Marshal Ferguson said.
He said it was impossible for most people to understand exactly what the veterans had been through during the war.
One can try and appreciate it by going with them as we have done and try to understand and to a certain extent you do understand but only those who were there can experience it.”
Bill Marsh finds an old friend amongst the New Zealand headstones at the Monte Cassino Cemetery”.
Supporting New Zealand’s Veterans
U are right. It was scary.
F Flash of light. Then gone.
O. Over in a few minutes.
F Full size Saucer.
L Lit up for all to see.
Y Why the secretary.
I was transfixed.
N Now I want you.
G Getting closer. 10 feet away.
S Still persistent. We want you.
A very scared young woman.
U you can be sure of that.
C I Cant do a thing to help.
E Evening clear. Blue sky.
R Retreated. Failed in mission.
Introduction to this true story.
On my way home after visiting Staff at a Country Site. A lot of chaps on country work. Because they were having marital problems enjoyed the life. The wife and children received a cash amount each week. The rest was banked in the workers name. The idea, my secretaries, was a winner for them both.
Rang from Wanstead Pub. I was on my way back. So as I am late, just lock up and go home. I cant she said A call from a lawyer for an earlier start on a contract. Documents required on the morrow. I will wait until you arrive. Monday by 10 o,clock.
I arrived back and brought some eats for us both. What an upset secretary greeted me. Threw her arms around me (l like this I thought.) What is wrong ? A white light came past the window a while ago. I looked out but could see nothing. But it set me on edge. Not much work had been done.
After a bit more consoling. I think we should have a bite to eat. You have had a long day.
Page One.
U.unidentified. F.flying. O objects.
This true story, has never been told. But could be if the genuine enquiries are $… confidential.
In this story no year or month date is mentioned.
But the month date year of the U.F.O.is clearly etched.
Like all businesses, work is the lifeblood. The firms Secretary said she would stay late to complete a job contract. (As we were the successful contractor.)
It was a beautiful clear sky outside. Time sneaks along as you are working. A break, for a coffee.
Suddenly a bright light swept past the window of the office. What was that ?? Again. it swept past. The white light was anchored on the secretary. Then it was away again. It made two or three sweeps and had a task to capture the secretary.
It was obvious they had missed out, so it disappeared into the night sky.
It look me a long lime to console and bed down the Secretary. My Dr. came and attended to the Secretary. Assumed she was overworked and tired out.
Page Two
Foreman arrived early next day. What a night. The Secretary answered the buzzer in some my night. attire. (Had to pass the House to go to the office.) As quick as wildfire. The episode was known in the Office, Joinery Shop and outside. By Monday. The remark. Enjoy the company Boss. About time too.
I told the Secretary to take a week off. The office girl was really (a young thing.) thinking all sorts of ways to find out what had been going on.
It never did die flown with the staff. Even received invites for the two of us. No complaints from us two Never ever has that episode been spoken about. But it was real.
Later in the next year (A successful contract.) All the papers had to be ready for signing the following week. So the Secretary agreed to work late again.
Completed the work. Lets have a coffee. Opened the Drapes. A glorious clear starless sky. Then as quick as a flash. A Blinding while light as like last year.
Page Three
The secretary was transfixed. Orange and Red lights flashed around the circular sphere.
It was possible for me io see the identity of the figures inside. The light (white) grew stronger. It was possible to see a ladder ready to push down. (Believe me it was scary) They were determined to get her.
So1 shut the Drapes. The light became more intense.
They gave up [all over in ten minutes] Opened the drapes again. To see the saucer climbing into the night sky. (This phenomenon. Like a mirage, only real)
The writer and Secretary will never forget. It is well and truly etched in our minds for ever.
We lived in an open space of over 200 acres. (clear) It was at the same time each visit. (Deadly Earnest)
After building scores of homes in that particular area. The visits never reappeared. The makeup of the saucer was so clear (see Photo.) similar.
Page Four
U.F.O,s Flying Saucers, and the mysterious contract coincidences
The contract wording had been completed. The letter from the Clients Lawyer. Come in on a date next week. Client will be there, to complete the signing and go ahead with the work. It was good for the company.
As I was on the committee that insisted that to tender on the same basis. (Quantity schedules were to be used by all contractors) The job was over a certain figure.
Page 50 Civilian-Soldier-Civilian.
Arrived at the Lawyers. No sign of the client. To this Day. He has never been found, only his car in a remote area, intact, but cleaned out. (How did it get there?)
His Business was kept going 6 years, (a profitable) one. Even his closest friends.(no knowledge) Mystery. still.
Page Five.
It would have been a breakthrough for the Firm and the Subbies.
I am a returned soldier who is not easily left. What if.
But that Flying Saucer was less than 10 feet from the office window – and us.
No. (local gossip was not silenced.)
Another visitor, same procedure as before. Redfern is still chatting up the Secretary.
Of course when I offered her a fortnight off. She would not take it.
Nothing wrong with me. The junior was told to wipe the smile of her face. and told. (you can guess forever) But as you cant control yourself. Take this down town to the Lawyer.
Was in the car and off. We enjoyed the invitations as secrets cant be kept in the small town. So they thought. We still keep in contact. The images of the U.F.O and the Flying Saucer will never go away. Open the Drape at night. Automatically survey the Night sky.
A Report card.
Date. Twice a year (date withheld.)
Area. Local. clear area except for own place.
Time 2200 hrs to 2400 hrs
Location North Island New Zealand.
Observation. Two Persons. – Visual. – Close encounter.
Civilian (not a hoax) Not an aircraft. nor Balloon.
Only one object each time. (The secretary does not have those sort of dreams nor myself.
Conclusion. What ever it was. (Amazing – Rewarding.)
Original digital file
SchofieldB2045_CivilianSoldierCivilian.pdf
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Description
Written by Brian Schofield under then name of Brian Redfern
Other surnames mentioned – Bidwill, Brownlie, Hartree
Tags
Format of the original
Typewritten documentDate published
2004People
- George Bisset
- Stuart Black
- H Bradman
- Herbie Cook
- Earle Crutchley
- Jack Davis
- R Dick
- Martin Donnelly
- Cardinal Bernardo D'Onorio
- Air Marshall Bruce Ferguson
- Peter Fraser
- Pat Gourdie
- Ron Hilton
- Ashley Jenkins
- Chris Lassen
- Peg Limmer
- Sergeant Lockie
- S Lonam
- Bill Marsh
- Bessie McCutcheon
- G McDonell
- Colonel Mitchell
- Jack Mooney
- Natasha Morgan
- Kate Noell
- Stan Noell
- Bob Scott
- Ian Stuart
- H Thompson
- Tahae Trainor
- Mayor Vigor Brown
- Mesdames Barden, Downing, Groppi
Accession number
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